Chii chinonzisupercapacitor 

MaSupercapacitor akakamurwa kuita macapacitor maviri emagetsi uye mapseudocapacitors kubva muchikamu chekuchengetedza simba. Imhando itsva yemudziyo wekuchengetedza simba, une hunhu hwesimba rakawanda, nguva pfupi yekuchaja, hupenyu hurefu hwebasa, hunhu hwakanaka hwekupisa, kuchengetedza simba uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza kwakasvibirira. MaSupercapacitor anogona kushandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana.

Ma supercapacitors anogona kuva mabhatiri here?

MaSupercapacitor anogona kutsiva mabhatiri, izvo zvakare zvinotungamira mune ramangwana.

MaSupercapacitors, anozivikanwawo semacapacitors ane layer double, ma electrochemical capacitors, ma gold capacitors, uye maFarrah capacitors, anochengetedza simba ne polarizing electrolytes. Icho chinhu che electrochemical, asi mukuchengetedza simba kwaro hapana chemical reaction inoitika, iyi energy storage process inodzokororwa, asiwo nekuti iyi supercapacitor inogona kudzokororwa kuchajwa uye kuburitswa kakawanda mazana ezviuru. MaSupercapacitors anogona kufungidzirwa sema electrode plates maviri asina reactive ane porous akasungirirwa mu electrolyte, akachajwa paplate, positive plate inokwezva ma negative ions mu electrolyte, negative plate inokwezva ma positive ions, zvichireva kuti ichiumba ma capacitive storage layers maviri, ma positive ions akaparadzaniswa pedyo ne negative plate, uye ma negative ions ari pedyo ne positive plate.

Supercapacitor imhando itsva ye capacitor yakavakirwa padzidziso ye interfacial double layer yakakurudzirwa nenyanzvi yefizikisi yekuGermany Helmholtz. Sezvatinoziva tese, pamusoro pe electrode yesimbi yakaiswa mu electrolyte solution ichaonekwa kumativi ese emvura ine zviratidzo zvakasiyana zvekuchaja zvakanyanya, kuitira kuti mutsauko uripo pakati pezvikamu ugogadzirwa. Zvadaro, kana ma electrode maviri akaiswa mu electrolyte panguva imwe chete, uye voltage iri pasi pe decomposition voltage ye electrolyte solution ikashandiswa pakati pawo, ipapo ma ions akanaka neasina kunaka ari mu electrolyte achafamba nekukurumidza kuenda kumatanda ari pasi pekushanda kwe electric field, uye zvichiteerana anoumba tight charge layer pamusoro pe ma electrodes maviri ekumusoro, kureva, double electric layer.

Chigadziko chemagetsi chakapetwa kaviri chinoumbwa nacho chakafanana nechaji inoporika inogadzirwa ne dielectric mu capacitor yechinyakare pasi pesimba remagetsi, zvichikonzera capacitance effect. Chigadziko chemagetsi chakapetwa kaviri chakafanana ne flat capacitor, asi nekuti tight charge layer spacing idiki zvikuru pane daro riri pakati pechaji dze capacitor yakajairika, ine simba rakakura kupfuura capacitor yakajairika.

Kudzivirira kwemukati kwecapacitor ine mativi maviri kwakakura kupfuura kwecapacitor yealuminium electrolytic, saka inogona kuchajwa zvakananga pasina kudziviswa kwemutoro. Kana paine kushajwa kwakanyanya, capacitor ine mativi maviri ichavhura circuit isina kukuvadza mudziyo, izvo zvakasiyana nekuputsika kwakanyanya kwecapacitor yealuminium electrolytic. Panguva imwe chete, kana ichienzaniswa nebhatiri rinochajwazve, capacitor ine mativi maviri emagetsi inogona kuchajwa pasina muganho, uye huwandu hwekuchaja hunogona kusvika kanopfuura ka10^6, saka capacitor ine mativi maviri emagetsi haina kungova nehunhu hwecapacitor chete, asiwo ine hunhu hwebhatiri, uye chikamu chitsva chakakosha pakati pebhatiri necapacitor.